Джамиля Махметова - Методическая разработка по английскому языку по специальности «Стандартизация, сертификация и метрология»

Махметова Д.М., Исабаева Б.К., Апекова Р.Н.

Методическая разработка по английскому языку по специальности «Стандартизация, сертификация и метрология».

ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ

Метрология, стандартизация, сертификация это три взаимосвязанные области знаний, которые являются важными инструментами в обеспечении качества продукции и услуг, разработке, создании и реализации конкурентоспособной продукции. С развитием экономических отношений и выходом Казахстана на мировой рынок значение стандартизации, сертификации и метрологии в науке, производстве и техники значительно выросло. И соответственно вырос интерес студентов к этим наукам. Данная методическая разработка предназначена для студентов физико-технического факультета специальность: 5В073200 «Стандартизация, сертификация и метрология». Цель методической разработки – дать студентам необходимую подготовку к пониманию терминологии и употреблении лексики по основам метрологии, стандартизации и сертификации на английском языке, чтобы стать конкурентоспособными специалистами на рынке труда. При составлении методической разработки авторы использовали аутентичные тексты по метрологии, стандартизации и сертификации. К каждому уроку дается обширный словарь терминов и слов общеупотребительной лексике по данной специальности, что позволяет обогатить и расширить словарный запас студента по важным аспектам его специальности. А также, созданы задания для закрепления материала и задания для контроля знаний, умений и навыков по изученному материалу.

LESSON 1

etrology – система мер,

метрология – метрология, өлшем жүйесі

measurement – измерение – өлшеу, өлшем

to include – включать – қосу, кірістіру, жүргізу, енгізу

determination – определение – анықтау, анықтама

uncertainty – неточность, погрешность – дәл еместік, белгісіз; тәртіп бұзушылық

measurement device – измерительный прибор – өлшеуіш аспап

to embrace – охватывать – қамту; қапсыру, құрсаулау

field – область – көз аясында болу; аймақ

measure – мера – өлшем; шама, мөлшер, шегі

to measure – измерять – өлшеу

weight – вес, единица массы – салмақ, масса бірлігі

quantity – количество – сан; мөлшер сан

applied metrology – прикладная метрология – қолданбалы метрология

legal metrology – законодательная метрология – заңды метрология

industrial metrology – измерения в промышленности, промышленная метрология – өнеркәсіптегі өлшем, өнеркәсіпті метрология

technical metrology – технические измерения – техникалық өлшем

length – длина – ұзындық; қашықтық; кесінді

broad – широкий – кең; үлкен; толық, анық

unit of measurement – единица измерения – өлшеу бірлігі

traceability – единство измерений, прослеживаемость, связь средств измерений с национальными эталонами, отслеживаемость – өлшемнің біртұтастығы; бақылаушылық, өлшеу құралдарының ұлттық эталондармен байланысы, бақыланатындық

to link – связывать – байланыстыру; біріктірy; қатысу, араласу

reference standard – эталонный образец, эталонный стандарт – эталлондық үлгі, эталондық стандарт

statutory requirements – законодательное требование – заңды талап

calibration – калибровка, точное измерение, градуировка, аттестация –үлгілеу, дәл өлшем, өлшемдеу, тексеру; сынау, тексеру

Ex. 1 Read and translate the text

Metrology

Metrology is the science of measurement. Metrology includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement. Metrology is defined by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) as «the science of measurement, embracing both experimental and theoretical determinations at any level of uncertainty in any field of science and technology)). The international vocabulary of metrology (VIM) is maintained by the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM), a group which is made up of eight international organizations.

Metrology is a very broad field and may be divided into three basic activities:

– Definition of internationally accepted unit of measurement.

– Realization of these units of measurement in practice

– Application of chains of traceability which links measurements made in practice to reference standards.

Metrology also has three basic subfields, all of which make use of the three basic activities, though in varying proportions:

– Scientific or fundamental metrology

– Applied, technical or industrial metrology

– Legal metrology

Scientific or fundamental metrology concerns the establishment of quantity systems, unit systems, units of measurement, the development of new measurement methods, realization of measurement standards and the transfer of traceability from these standards to users in society. The BIPM maintains a database of the metrological calibration and measurement capabilities of various institutes around the world. These institutes, whose activities are peer-reviewed, provide the top-level reference points for metrological traceability. In the area of measurement the BIPM has identified nine areas. These metrological areas include length, mass and time.

Applied, technical or industrial metrology concerns the application of measurement science to manufacturing and other processes and their use in society, ensuring the suitability of measurement instruments, their calibration and quality control of measurements. Although the emphasis in this area of metrology is on the measurements themselves, traceability of the calibration of the measurement devices is necessary to ensure confidence in the measurements.

Legal metrology concerns activities which result from statutory requirements and concern measurement, units of measurement, measuring instruments and methods of measurement and which are performed by competent bodies.

Ex. 2. Answer the questions

1. What is metrology ?

2. What is legal metrology ?

3. What are the three main activities of metrology ?

4. What organization gave the definition for metrology ?

5. What is necessary to ensure confidence in measurements?

Ex. 3. Are these sentences true or false ?

1. Metrology deals with measurements.

2. The BIPM provides people wi th reference standards in different fields.

3. In the area of measurement the BIPM has identified ten areas.

4. These areas of measurement defined by the BIMP include mass, time, length.

5. Applied metrology is connected with applying measurement science for only research process.

6. The activities which are concerned by legal metrology result from statutory requirements.

7. Measuring devices provide the confidence of measurement.

Ex. 4. Fill the blanks using the words from the text: «Metrology» .

Metrology studies measurements. This science include both theoretical and practical …According to the definition given by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM): metrology is a science of measurement which gives theoretical and experimental … at any level of uncertainty. The main goals of metrology is to … units of measurements, to realize … into practice and t o apply the chains of traceability which connects measurements made in practice with …

Ex. 5. Match the beginning with the endings based on the text

Ex. 6. Put the question to the bold-typed words:

1. Scientific metrology concerns the establishment of quantity systems.

2. The Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM) maintains the international vocabulary of metrology (VIM).

3. BIPM has identified nine areas

4. These metrological areas include time, mass, length.

5. Legal metrology is a subfield of metrology.

Ex. 7. Make the summary of the text: «Metrology» using the following plan:

1. Definition of metrology;

2. Subfields of metrology;

3. The object of study of scientific metrology;

4. The object of study of the applied metrology;

5. The object of study of legal metrology.

Tell about any organization on metrology functioning in your country on the following plan:

1. When was this organization founded?

2. Where is it situated?

3. What kind of services does this organization provide?

4. Is it the only organization in metrology in your country?

5. What specialists work there?

6. In what spheres of human activity does this organization provide metrological services? Give the examples.

7. What metrological laboratories does this organization include?

8. Is this organization important in your country?

9. Are you planning to work in this organization in the future?

10. Have you ever visited this organization ?

LESSON 2

metrological traceability – метрологическая прослеживаемость – метрологиялық бақылау

core сoncept – основное понятие – негізгі түсінік

to establish – устанавливать – құру, қою; орнату, орналасу

property – свойство – қасиет

value – значение – мән; мағына

reference – эталон – эталон, үлгі, өлшем

standard – стандарт – стандарт

to perform – осуществлять, проводить – істеу; жүзеге асыру, іске асу

measuring instrument – измерительный прибор – өлшеуіш аспап

range – диапазон – ауқым

quality – качество – сапа; қасиет

quality management system – система управления качеством – сапаны басқару жүйесі

accuracy – правильность – ұқыптылық; дұрыстық

systematic bias – систематическая ошибка – жүйелі қате

precision – точность – дәлдік; бірдейлік

evaluation – оценка – бағалау, баға кесу; баға

primary standard – первичный стандарт – алғашқы стандарт

error – погрешность, серьезная ошибка – қате, адасу, жаңылу, маңызды қате

ratio – соотношение – қатыс, арақатынас, өзара қатынас; байланыс

previous – предыдущий – бұдан бұрынғы, осыдан ілгері, өткен

comparability – сопоставимость – салыстыру

to use – использовать – пайдалану

equipment – оборудование – жабдық

voltmeter – вольтметр – вольтметр

triple point – тройная точка – үштік нүкте

specimen – образец – үлгі

X-rays – рентгеновские лучи – рентгендік сәулелер

electron beam – пучок электронов – электрондар шоғы

to read – показывать – көрсету; әйгілеу; байқату; таныту; білдіру

constant – постоянный – тұрақты; бірқалыпты, өзгермейтін

to verify – проверять – тексеру, қарап шығу; сынап байқау

to adjust – устанавливать (прибор) – (аспапты) орнату, орналастыру

to allow for – предусматривать – алдын ала ескеру; назарда ұстау

to settle – устанавливать – қоныстану, орналасу; ретке келтіру

distinction – различие – айырма; ерекшелік

inexact – неточный – дәл емес

critical part – важная часть – маңызды бөлім

measurement uncertainty – погрешность измерений – өлшем қателігі

to reserve for – предназначать – арнау, белгілеу; жарату; тағайындау

lead – провод – бастау, көрсету; алып жүру; апару

establishment – установление – орнату

Ex. 1. Read and translate the text

Metrological traceability

A core concept in metrology is metrological traceability, defined by the BIPM as «the property of the result of a measurement or the value of a st andard whereby it can be related to stated references, usually national or international standards, through an unbroken chain of comparisons, all having stated uncertainties)). The level of traceability establishes the level of comparability of the measurement: whether the result of a measurement can be compared to the previous one, a measurement result a year ago, or to the result of a measurement performed anywhere else in the world.