Юрий Низовцев - The person – a product of evolution?! Whether everything is so clear here?! Страница 2

In other words, the additional program, which has been recorded in the genome, marked the beginning for emergence of a few million years ago of the prototype of the person in the form of several variants of hominids, who were capable to understand themselves, or to determination own "I," i.e. to switch largely for initiatively-target behavior. These prototypes of the person were being changed a few million years in accordance with natural selection in the course of another interaction with the environment in comparison with apes: their brain have increased, so how was necessary to solve complex problems of a reorganization of an environment by means of instruments of labor, hunting, a household etc.); their extremities have changed (hindquarters have being adapted primarily to walking, because of the wandering way of life of hominids, having turned into the low extremities; forelimbs have being adapted to the manufacture of artificial tools of labor and handling with these tools); larynx has being transformed into the direction of the highest fitness to the sound verbal communication, significantly increases the efficiency of collective action during hunting, cooking, raising children and so on.

The most successful from hominids on the way to modern person were Cro-Magnons, while less successful candidates didn't sustain the competition with more adaptive Cro-Magnons, who, apparently, had the most favorable combination of reflex-instinctive mechanisms and programs of self-consciousness for the survival and development of the ability to consciously-target actions.

This favorable combination of both programs of the highest and lowest types of consciousness has been transferred to modern people practically without change, i.e. their abilities and properties are the same as at their ancestors who lived tens thousands of years ago, and the genotype of the modern person, as it was found by scientist-genetics, did not undergo during this time of significant change.

Becomes also clear, why the transitional link from primates to the person is still not found.

External signs of reorganization in this case don't play a significant role in comparison with deep signs, inasmuch the genome has been quickly enough reconstructed, and there was person almost in finished form, i.e. a being, who, whether it is bad or is good, but was already able to separate itself from the environment and to use this new ability to realize itself in the world as an individual.

All others – approximately the same primacies who were not exposed by the specified (artificial) transformation, – are being remained in the former animal quality. Though, as a matter of fact, conditions of their existence a little in what differed from existence of initial "candidate" into the person.

Thus, one may say, that the being, capable only to unconscious (reflex) actions, has one program, but the conscious being (having self-consciousness) has the additional program – the more difficult: this program promotes a regular self-assessment of own activity of the being, and respectively – to rapid reorganization and self-training, designing on the future of own actions with processing of their results for the subsequent adjustment, using already stored memory from the much bigger collective database, than at usual primates.

However, this program can "work" only in case of contact of the beings capable to comprehend own existence, with other similar beings, i.e. in society.

And yet: whether still similar impact on genome of the primate by the result of chance or another factor?

The random nature of similar impact was rejected in due time by the famous physicist Heisenberg who has declared concerning opening of a genetic code, which it is possible to call also the program on the biological carrier, that casual formation of so incredibly complex entities as a genome in any his part during imaginable term just couldn't happen and it is necessary only to think of its divine origin.

In other words, spontaneous mutations aren't capable to lead for short term to development of absolutely new and purposeful program of a live organism, while the mutations, induced artificially, are capable to make it.

As for divine intervention, it explains nothing, and here opening of holography about 50 years ago puts everything on the places.

Scientists, based on outdated notions of human nature, i.e. relying mainly on his external features, unambiguously claim that distribution and change of consciousness in neurons of a human body (without having at the same time knowledge of material structure of consciousness) is so merged with this organism that with the termination of his activity, consciousness, as well as all organism breaks up, and disappears forever.

The fact that this view is a delusion, is clear from the fact that a person can be represented as a living computer. Programs running on any computer, can be both inserted in it, and removed from it, for example, in case of damage or obsolescence. But the basis of consciousness in the person is the programs acting in him and corresponding to the genome encoding [2. Ch. 2.1].

Moreover, if it is clear that consciousness, including self-consciousness – the basis of human activity and life of the human body, then the human body plays a subordinate role. Without consciousness acting body turns into a useless pile of muscles and bones, as the computer without the acting programs – into a pile of metal. And in the moment of death exactly consciousness gives the command to the body to stop functioning, and not the body spontaneously stops functioning.

Therefore, the body is only the carrier, and the person as a whole is only the tool of consciousness.

Further, if at the basis of beingness, known to us, is laid the hologram which is the high-frequency formation, then the person as well as any live organism can be presented in the form of some kind of television receiver which by means of own sense organs and the processing centers of information forms the environment surrounding him of the arriving the discrete packages of information (own time) within the frames of the general time for all localized living beings in this time, which is formed not by individual consciousness, but single consciousness, inasmuch in hologram any her part and whole are inseparable. In other words, all living beings including people, in the holographic basis are a single whole, divided, nevertheless, in beingness: each individual consciousness through own carrier forms own time (now), while all set of the living beings forms general time of all living beings, which as if covers own time of each living being.

Thus, the person, as and any receiver of the information coded impulses, convert them to the image, in this case – in 3D– mage, part of which is human being itself [2. Ch. 2.3].

In addition, the effect of the programs embedded in the human genome, and being formed the environment (current time or now), is not comprehended by the individual, separated unilaterally from single consciousness, but associated, however, with single consciousness on the other side, i.e. combining in this holographic basis of beingness of all living beings. But still, of all the creatures only the person can partly manage own time thanks to the fact that only he has the targeted programs of self-consciousness, which give him the opportunity to rise above the environment, to separate himself from it partly, and with this or that success consciously to change this environment as a result of both individual, and group actions, changing himself in this interaction with the environment, i.e. gradually changing own consciousness, saturating it with new impressions, results of the occurred collisions, creative and cultural achievements, as well as sensing the consequences of falls and wrong actions [2. Ch. 2.10; 2.11; 3].

Thus, the computer imposing of the genome map of a chimpanzee on the genome map of the person, whose results are given above, shows exactly induced impact of single consciousness of the hologram on the individual, who is most suitable in the available biological row, for formation in his genome of programs of consciousness, that gives to actions of this being the conscious special-purpose character along with the reflex and instinctive programs, which are already existing in this being. Exactly this relatively short-term impact on a genome of the most highly developed primate allowed this primate to acquire rather quickly creativity, i.e. to escape from a row of all other beings who act only on the basis of instinctive and reflex programs, reminding thereby the live mechanisms, and at last to begin to compare with itself all events, estimating effectiveness of own actions and attracting the environment, transformed by these former primates, for increase in efficiency of own actions.

The emergence of the being, conforming to requirements of programs of self-consciousness has demanded billions of years of evolution of the living beings though single consciousness, except this evolutionary way, can use (and has used) one more way of formation of the creative being with self-consciousness, about what it will be told below.

2. The characteristic of the candidates for the place of the person, which have appeared during evolution.

Any highest consciousness, including single consciousness, most of all appreciates liberty, which provides a scope for manifestation of activity of the living being: liberty does possible relatively rapid and intensive development of consciousness of the living being.

However, liberty in the form of consciously-target character of the activities of the organism is absent for the living beings of the nature, appearing during evolutionary development, owing to their almost complete fusion with the environment, which presupposes as sufficient only instinctive and reflex activities for ensuring existence.

What is liberty can understand only the being, who is capable not only to evaluate own actions for obtaining a certain benefit, but who is capable also to oppose self to everything else outside usefulness to itself [2. Ch. 7].

I.e. a self-conscious being, remaining the subject of the nature, at the same time gradually gains ability to become over the environment, forcing it to serve own interests and even whims.

What characteristics should have such creature, which is, to a certain extent, already not only purely natural?

It must be assumed that first of all this being has to be able to transform consciously the world around for the purposes which can be not only pragmatic.

For this purpose, this being should seek various means to overcome resistance of this environment, dependence on it. The main means in this case are those features of mind and a structure of an organism which or are absent at other living beings, or are at them in embryo, i.e. they are practically not used as superfluous.

The greatest progress in activities of this being is achieved generally not as a product of its personal qualities, such as sharpness of mind, resourcefulness, retentive memory, ingenuity, force, etc., but as a result of accumulating and use of information of many generations in all its possible types, but, most effectively, – in written. With growth of volume of information sources are being expanded possibilities of specialization, training, that by itself even more promotes to the achievements in a labor activity, which in turn gives additional opportunities for manifestation of initiative, ingenuity, training fruits, assuming not only the work on samples, but also use of logical designs, abstract forms, but not just the subject concepts, by composing in own head of certain schemes, before their implementation in practice.

Self-awareness also allows not only pragmatic and targeted way to treat the environment, changing it for itself, but also to see own appearance, for example, discovering itself in the polished fragment of the rock or seeing reflected in a rain pool, receiving the aspiration to change, decorate this shape anyway, that forms thereby the culture rudiments.

At all this the greatest advantage in activities is got by the individuals capable not only on one extrapolation, but also on unexpected, original (creative) solutions of the arising problems, i.e. the beings who can create what for the present isn't present in an environment, and that in itself means aspiration of each being to similar manifestations, far as, of course, it is possible for him.

Thus, the searched liberty of consciousness receives realization from within, reflecting itself into activity in all expanding space of own affairs, in disappearing dependence on a lot of external factors, that is supported by successful solution anyway of the arising problems [2. Ch. 7].

In the course of evolution three quite worthy candidates have appeared: an ape, a rat and a dolphin, inducting in genome of one of which a certain set of the genes promoting development of self-consciousness, could give the creative being, whose main qualities are stated above

Other living creatures in the properties associated with ingenuity, the ability to convert one way or another the environment, mostly are far behind specified beings

Let us characterize briefly these three species, despite the fact that the result of the selection is already known.

Let's start with the rat.

The rat is not as simple as it seems.

In particular, if we compare its genome with the human genome, then the number of genes at the person (about 30 thousand) and the rat (about 25 thousand) is comparable, and it is very important, inasmuch from the manifestation of the genotype depends all basic properties of each individual of the respective kind.

Decoding the genome of the rat showed that 99% genes of the person and rat are similar, and 80% at all coincide, and the length of the genetic code of the rat is 2.5 billion pairs of nucleotides, that is slightly shorter than at the person (2.9 billion pairs of nucleotides).

It is no wonder that the composition of blood of a rat and a person coincides, the structure of body tissues also coincides; moreover, experiments have shown that rats, like humans, have abstract thinking, at least, in a number of situations. About it in more detail you can read on Internet.

All these data are not so striking, so how mammals evolved from Theriodont (medium-sized lizard) about two hundred million years ago, and the branches of the rodents and the primates diverged about 30 million years ago.

The advantage of the rat is the fact that it has evolved about three times faster than a human.

Grey rats can run with speed up to 9.6 km/h, jump up to the height of 80 cm, swim 2 km, dig the long burrows, arrange the refuge practically in any place. They are unusually adaptive, unpretentious and capable to give birth up to 23 cubs. In the wild the rats seldom live till 1 year, but they live in house conditions about 3 years.

Rats communicate among themselves with very large number of various signals in the ultrasonic range.

Rats are capable to think, as has shown a number of experiments, no worse than primates.

Rats are capable to understand value of a number of words and to use them on sense according to a situation. Rats are also capable to copy the human speech.

Rats can generalize a number of situations and use the abstract forms, matured in their heads.

Rats are also capable to deduce the general rules of behavior on the basis of the accumulated life experience and to use them for the solution of the tasks with which they weren't encounter yet.